Ikiganiro kigufi kijyanye no gupima umunyu ①

Ikizamini cyumunyu

Umunyu, twavuga ko ikwirakwizwa cyane ku isi, ni hose mu nyanja, ikirere, ubutaka, ibiyaga n'inzuzi.Iyo uduce duto twumunyu twinjijwe mumatonyanga mato mato, hashyirwaho ibidukikije byo gutera umunyu.Mubihe nkibi, ntibishoboka kugerageza kurinda ibintu ingaruka ziterwa numuti wumunyu.Mubyukuri, spray yumunyu ni iyakabiri nyuma yubushyuhe, kunyeganyega, ubushyuhe nubushuhe, hamwe n ibidukikije byumukungugu mubijyanye no kwangiza imashini nibicuruzwa bya elegitoronike (cyangwa ibice).

Kwipimisha umunyu nigice cyingenzi cyiterambere ryibicuruzwa kugirango hamenyekane ruswa irwanya ruswa.Ibizamini nkibi bigabanijwemo ibyiciro bibiri: kimwe nikizamini gisanzwe cyibidukikije, kikaba gitwara igihe kandi kigasaba akazi, bityo ntigikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa bifatika;ikindi nikigereranyo cyihuta cyigero cyumunyu wibiti byangiza ibidukikije, aho intungamubiri za chloride zishobora kugera inshuro nyinshi cyangwa inshuro icumi inshuro ziterwa numunyu wumunyu wibidukikije, kandi igipimo cyangirika rero kikiyongera cyane, bityo bigabanya igihe cyo kugera ibisubizo by'ibizamini.Kurugero, icyitegererezo cyibicuruzwa byafata umwaka kugirango byangirike mubidukikije karemano birashobora kugeragezwa muburyo bwogukora ibishushanyo mbonera byumunyu hamwe nibisubizo bisa mumasaha 24.

1) Ihame ryo gupima umunyu

Ikizamini cyo gutera umunyu ni ikizamini kigereranya imiterere y’ibidukikije byangiza umunyu kandi bikoreshwa cyane cyane mugusuzuma kwangirika kwibicuruzwa nibikoresho.Iki kizamini gikoresha ibikoresho byo gupima umunyu kugirango habeho ibidukikije byo gutera umunyu bisa nkibiboneka mu kirere cyinyanja.Mu bihe nk'ibi, sodium ya chloride muri spray yumunyu ibora muri Na + ion na Clioni mubihe bimwe.Izi ion zifata imiti hamwe nicyuma kugirango zibyare umunyu wa acide cyane.Iyoni yicyuma, iyo ihuye na ogisijeni, igabanya gukora okiside ihamye.Iyi nzira irashobora gukurura kwangirika no kubora no guhuha kwicyuma cyangwa gutwikira, ibyo nabyo bikaba bishobora gutera ibibazo byinshi.

Kubicuruzwa byubukanishi, ibyo bibazo birashobora kubamo kwangirika kwangirika kubice no gufatisha, guhuzagurika cyangwa gukora nabi ibice byimuka byimashini bitewe nimbogamizi, hamwe numuzunguruko ufunguye cyangwa mugufi mumigozi ya microscopique hamwe nimbaho ​​zacapwe, zishobora no kuvunika kumaguru.Kubijyanye na elegitoroniki, ibintu bitwara ibisubizo byumunyu birashobora gutuma irwanya ubuso bwa insulator hamwe nubunini bugabanuka cyane.Byongeye kandi, kurwanya hagati yumunyu wibikoresho byumunyu hamwe na kristu yumye yumuti wumunyu bizaba hejuru kurenza icyuma cyambere, bizongera imbaraga zo kugabanuka no kugabanuka kwa voltage muri kariya gace, bikagira ingaruka kubikorwa byamashanyarazi, bityo bikagira ingaruka kuri amashanyarazi yibicuruzwa.